Proteins

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Proteins - Structure and Use in Biology

Basic building blocks of proteins are amino acids linked by peptide bonds. The human body needs 21 amino acids. Eight of them are essential. They have to be supplied to the body by food, since they can not be synthesized independently. Amino acid chains that are not longer than 100 amino acids are referred to as peptides, larger chains as proteins.

Proteins make up a large proportion of the dry weight of the cells. These macromolecules are not only the basic structure of the muscles, heart, brain, skin and hair, but they act as molecular tools of the cell. They perform essential tasks in cell movement, transport of metabolites and in the catalysis of chemical reactions and the detection of signaling substances. The generic term "proteome" describes all proteins of an organism, tissue or cell at a specific time under defined conditions. The unit in which the size of these macromolecules is measured is Dalton (Da) or Kilo Dalton (kDa). The construction plan for the synthesis of amino acid sequences in the form of the genetic code in the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) DNA is recorded and inherited. This DNA is in turn packaged into chromosomes.

However, despite the highly conserved, complex coding, the proportion of coding DNA is only about 1.5%. The remaining part carries information for non-coding RNA, regulatory units and non-coding sequences. The transcriptional primary transcript (precursor mRNA) can be subdivided into introns and exons. Using alternative splicing, several proteins can even be synthesized from a sequence encoded by a gene.

Hölzel Diagnostika offers a wide range of native and recombinant proteins, full-length proteins, proteins with and without labels, as well as proteins for crystallography. Using the filter option on the left side of the web page, it is possible to restrict the search for the right protein according to the type (such as cytokine, enzyme or growth factor), specificity, manufacturer, application, clones, source species and isotypes. In addition, you will receive information about conjugation, sequence, purity and expression region. If more information is needed you are welcome to use our customer service. This is available to you by phone, email or chat.

Illustrative information about proteins is available in our information center.

https://www.hoelzel-biotech.com/de/infothek/proteine/