Acetazolamide

59-66-5

222.25

DMSO : 50 mg/mL (224.97 mM; Need ultrasonic); H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)

Metabolic Enzyme/Protease; Autophagy

Acetazolamide is a carbonic anhydrase (CA) IX inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 30 nM for hCA IX^[1]. Diuretic effects^[4]. IC50 & Target: IC50: 30 nM (hCA IX), 130 nM (hCA II)^[1] In Vitro: Acetazolamide also inhibits hCA II with an IC₅₀ of 130 nM^[1].
Acetazolamide (Ace) is a small heteroaromatic sulfonamide that binds to various carbonic anhydrases with high affinity, acting as a carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor^[2].
Compared with the control group, the high Acetazolamide concentration (AceH, 50 nM), Cisplatin (Cis; 1 ug/mL) and Cis combined with the low Acetazolamide concentration (AceL, 10 nM) treatments significantly reduces viability of Hep-2 cells^[2].
Treatment with the Acetazolamide/Cis combination significantly increases the expression levels of P53, as both AceL+Cis and AceH+Cis treatments result in significantly increased P53 protein expression levels compared with the control group. The Ace/Cis combination treatment significantly reduces the bcl-2/bax expression ratio, and increases the expression of caspase-3 protein, compared with the control group. AceL, AceH, Cis and AceL+Cis treatments significantly reduce the bcl-2/bax ratio compared with the control group^[2].
Combined Ace and Cis treatment effectively promotes apoptosis in Hep-2 cells^[2].
Combined treatment with Ace/Cis markedly decreases the expression of AQP1 mRNA in Hep-2 cells. Both AceH and AceL+Cis treatments decrease the expression of aquaporin-1 (AQP1) mRNA in Hep-2 cells compared with the control group^[2].
In Vivo: Acetazolamide (40 mg/kg) significantly potentiates the inhibitory effect of MS-275 on tumorigenesis in neuroblastoma (NB) SH-SY5Y xenografts^[3].
Acetazolamide (40 mg/kg) and/or MS-275 treatment reduce expression of HIF1-alpha and CAIX in NB SH-SY5Y xenograft^[3].
Acetazolamide (40 mg/kg), MS-275 and Acetazolamide+MS-275 reduce expression of mitotic and proliferative markers in NB SH-SY5Y xenografts^[3].