Human TNF RII-FcA Chimera

GWB-549497

The ND50 of TNF RII-FcB Chimera is typically 20-50 ng/ml as measured by its ability to neutralize TNF-a mediated cytoxicity in murine WEHI 164 cells in the presence of actinomycin D. % Carbohydrate: purified TNF RII-FcB Chimera consists of 5-35% carbohydrate by weight.
Reconstitution: It is recommended that 0. 5 ml of sterile phosphate-buffered saline be added to the vial. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha ; TNF alpha) and the structurally related lymphotoxin-alpha (LT-a) are pro-inflammatory cytokines produced by a variety of immune and non-immune cells in response to multiple stimuli. These stimuli can include bacteria and bacterial products such as LPS viral infections T-cell receptor activation and cross-linking of surface immunoglobulin (Ig) on B cells. Expression of TNF-a has been detected in macrophages/monocytes B-cells T-cells basophils eosinophils glial cells and mast cells. The effects of TNF-alpha and LT-a are mediated through the TNF receptors TNF RI and TNF RII. These receptors are type I transmembrane glycoproteins belonging to the TNF receptor superfamily which is defined by the presence of repeating units of cysteine clusters. TNF RI is present on virtually all cell types except for red blood cells. For a review of the mechanisms that regulate TNF RII expression refer to Carpentier I et al (2004) Curr Med Chem. 11(16): 2205-12.

Binds to TRAF2.

Phosphorylated; mainly on serine residues and with a very low level on threonine residues.

Contains 4 TNFR-Cys repeats. Summary: The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the TNF-receptor superfamily. This protein and TNF-receptor 1 form a heterocomplex that mediates the recruitment of two anti-apoptotic proteins c-IAP1 and c-IAP2 which possess E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. The function of IAPs in TNF-receptor signalling is unknown however c-IAP1 is thought to potentiate TNF-induced apoptosis by the ubiquitination and degradation of TNF-receptor-associated factor 2 which mediates anti-apoptotic signals. Knockout studies in mice also suggest a role of this protein in protecting neurons from apoptosis by stimulating antioxidative pathways.